There are lots of possible causes of pain in the testicles (balls). It can sometimes be serious, so get medical help straight away if the pain is sudden, severe or does not go away.
Immediate action required: Go to A&E immediately or call 999 if you have:
- sudden, severe pain in a testicle
- testicle pain along with feeling sick, being sick or pain in your tummy
- testicle pain that has lasted more than an hour or continues when you're resting
These can be signs of a serious problem that needs to be treated in hospital as soon as possible.
Do not drive to A&E. Ask someone to drive you or call 999 and ask for an ambulance.
Bring any medicines you take with you.
Non-urgent advice: See a GP if you have:
- aching or discomfort in your testicles that you're worried about
- a lump in your testicles
- swollen testicles
- a change in the shape of your testicles
- a change in the way your testicles feel
- a testicle that has become bigger than the other
Important: Help from NHS 111
If you're not sure what to do, call 111 or get medical help from 111 online.
NHS 111 can tell you the right place to get help.
Causes of testicle pain
Sudden, severe testicle pain can be caused by twisting of the testicle (testicular torsion).
This is a serious problem that can lead to the loss of the testicle if it's not treated quickly.
Less serious causes of testicle pain include:
- an infection (epididymitis)
- an injury
- an inguinal hernia
- a build-up of fluid (cyst)
- swollen veins in the testicles (varicocele)
Pain by itself is not usually a sign of testicular cancer. Cancer usually causes other symptoms like a lump or swelling in your testicle.
Do not try to self-diagnose the cause of your pain. Get medical help if you're worried.
Page last reviewed: 15 December 2021
Next review due: 15 December 2024