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  • Kidney infection

    A kidney infection (pyelonephritis) is a painful and unpleasant illness caused by bacteria travelling from your bladder into one or both of your kidneys.

  • Japanese encephalitis

    Find out about Japanese encephalitis including who's most at risk of getting it, how to avoid it, what the symptoms are and how it's treated.

  • IVF

    In vitro fertilisation (IVF) is one of several techniques available to help people with fertility problems have a baby. During IVF, an egg is removed from the woman's ovaries and fertilised with sperm in a laboratory.

  • Ileostomy

    Find information about ileostomy, an operation to bring the end of your small bowel to the outside of your tummy to form a stoma, including why it’s done, what happens, recovery, possible complications and what to expect after the operation.

  • Hydronephrosis

    Read about hydronephrosis, a condition where one or both kidneys become stretched and swollen as a result of a build-up of urine inside them.

  • HIV and AIDS

    Read about the symptoms of HIV and AIDS, what treatments are available and how to prevent getting or spreading the infection.

  • Farting (flatulence)

    Flatulence is passing gas from the digestive system out of the back passage. It's more commonly known as "passing wind", or "farting".

  • Epidural

    An epidural is an injection in your back to stop you feeling pain in part of your body, commonly given for pain relief in childbirth and in some types of surgery.

  • Empyema

    .... infection is left untreated, or if it fails to fully respond to treatment. The term empyema is most commonly used to refer to pus-filled pockets that develop in the pleural space. This is the slim space between the outside of the lungs and the inside of the chest cavity.

  • Ectopic pregnancy

    An ectopic pregnancy is when a fertilised egg implants itself outside of the womb, usually in one of the fallopian tubes.